What Stress Is Essay -- Impact Stress Physiological Systems

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The purpose of this paper is to define stress and how it effects the body's physiological systems. This paper will include the normal functions and organs involved in the following five physiological systems, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory, immune and musculoskeletal. This paper will also include a description of a chronic illness associated with each physiological system and how the illness is affected by stress.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stress means different things to different people and stress effects people in different ways. Some people think stress is something that happens to them such as an injury or a promotion and others think that stress is what happens to our mind, body and behaviors in response to an event. While stress does involve events and how one responds to them these are not the critical factors, but our thoughts about the situation in which we are involved are the critical factors. Essentially, stress exists whenever homeostasis is disturbed or cannot be maintained (Stress and the Social System Course Guide, 2013). Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to keep the internal chemical and physical environments constant. As your body begins to react to stress several changes occur. These changes include increased heart rate, blood pressure and secretion of stimulatory hormones. Ones body prepares itself in stressful situations to either stand ground and fight or to flee from t he situation. Walter Cannon called this stressful reaction the fight-or-flight response (Greenberg, 2012). There are different ways in which one can experience stress and it is important to remember that stress is an essential part of life. Not all stressful situations are negative. Receiving a promotion at work, the birth of a child or taking a trip can all be stressful but are not threatening. The reason why one may see these situations as stressful is because they may feel unprepared to deal with them. To eliminate confusion and misuse of words Hans Selye gave names to the different types of stress one may experience, he described damaging or unpleasant experiences as distress and pleasurable or satisfying experiences are called eustress (Rice, 2012). The next part of this paper will consist of information describing the organs and the normal functions involved in five of the physiological systems in the human body. It will also include one illness... ...ve Stress Management, 6th ed., Dubuque, IA: W. C.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Brown 2012. Kitteredge, Mary. The Respiratory System, New York, NY: Chelsea House Publishing,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2010. Nourse, M. D. Your Immune System, New York, NY: Franklin Watts, 2010. Rice, Phillip L. Stress and Health, 3rd ed., New York, NY: Brooks/Cole, 2013. The American Medical Women's Association. Guide to Cardiovascular Health,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  New York, NY: Dell Publishing, 2009. University of Maryland University College. Course Guide-BEHS 463: Stress and the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Social System, College Park, MD: International University Consortium, 2009. Weston, M. D. Know Your Body: The Atlas of Anatomy. Berkeley, CA: Marshall   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cavendish Books Limited, 2005 Internet Sources Balta, D. M. D. (2009). The TMJ: How can Such a Small Joint Cause so Much Trouble?,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  [Online]. Available: http://www.drbalta.com/tmj.htm [11/12/14]. Seattle Education Project. (2013, November). STEP: The Immune System - An   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Overview, [Online]. Available: http://www.thebody.com/step/immune.html [11/12/14]. Byard, Terry & Favian. (2013). The Musculoskeletal System, [Online]. Available: http://www.nutritionhighway.com/skeletalsys.html [11/14/14].

The Endless Shildhood Of Christopher Mccandless English Literature Essay

One of my friends is so annoyed at society that he decides to swim across the Pacific Ocean in the dark with 60 lbs of rice. What would you experience about this friend of mine? Is he a airy, or merely a psycho? Krakauer ‘s book â€Å" Into the Wild † A is a existent narrative about such an highly idealistic immature adult male, Christopher McCandless, who behaved precisely like my friend. McCandless leaves his comfort zone to go through some of those black and bare countries to seek his intimacy to nature as a manner of demoing his ripening. Tragically, he is wounded in Alaska, deep in the forests, and dies in an derelict Fairbanks metropolis coach where he camps out. So does Christopher McCandless truly turn up? Some people regard him as a hero, stating what he did interrupt an unseeable concatenation that sentimentally locks him up, and the load he feels from his parents and society. He goes on to happen his ain manner, though non the same manner as we normally do. Even though he ne'er succeeds, he deserves our regard since one has to hold an tremendous bravery to step out of the safety and the societal parturiency. But what I think, there is nil romantic about him, running off from the universe, wholly unprepared, merely for penalizing his parents and all of those who â€Å" do n't understand † ? His narrative is tragic and thought provoking, non romantic. I merely feel sorry for his household. Krakauer mentioned a batch of similar unattached immature work forces who runs off from their household trusting to happen happiness and peace in the wild, or possibly merely to pull attending. â€Å" Entering the wilderness purposefully ill-prepared, and lasting a near-death experience does non do you a better homo, it makes you curse lucky † . ( Krakauer, page 71 ) Almost to everyone, those are troublesome childs, wholly idealistic, and unprepared to last on their ain. Harmonizing to writers all of them about stop up died in similar state of affairss. Comparing to McCandless and those cats, Wayne Westerberg at the maize factory is what adulthood is truly approximately. For Chris, the poulet in the microwave is a good illustration ; it ‘s the â€Å" romantic † semblance that causes many work forces like Chris to lose their lives. Again like Wayne Westerberg who thinks of and care about everyone, adulthood is about loving and caring for others. Christopher McCandless does non understand the significance of love. He unwisely chooses to walk into the shrubs for a self-destructive decease. After graduation, he disappeared, left his household in choler. Mature people would ne'er make that to others they love, even if they have jobs with them. Would it be that difficult to drop a message, to give a phone call, or merely make anything? Chris could merely state, â€Å" I ‘m still alive, and I ‘ve decided to populate off route for a piece, but I will ever be in touch. â€Å" A Yet he â€Å" gives off a little luck, abandon a loving household, abandoned his auto, ticker and map and burned the last of his money before shleping off into the ‘wilderness ‘ West of Healy † ( Krakauer, page 71 ) , which would merely do his household think something bad had happened. All those actions are non epic, and surely non inspirational. He does n't convey a compass, neither does he brings a elaborate map, but sardonically he chooses to populate in this coach. He can ne'er happen a manner to truly flight from the society. He will merely remain in the charming coach for a short 112 yearss, and die anonymously for that. ( Sparknotes ) He ne'er values his life plenty to hold on merely a few basic accomplishments to last, so how can we state he is mature? What truly inspirational are people or heroes who live in the natural state but still care about people they love. Dick Proenneke is one of them, who started his venture in theA wilderness of Alaska when he was already past 50. He finally used fundamental tools to construct a cabin, ate what he hunted, fished or grown, etc. And he lasted it for 30 old ages. Even though he had a guy bead him supplies, what he did was still truly inspirational. He frequently went back to see his household, sharing his love for the out-of-doorss and adventure.A ( Wikipedia ) Compared with Dick Proenneke, Chris is much more of a cockamamie male child. He has ne'er had a elaborate program to travel back or any supply backup. I ne'er mean to be violative to the McCandless household, but any one with limited resource life in the wild alone is a self-destructive effort, although I ‘m certain they ‘ve ( his household members ) shared with the same ideas. ( Endnotes ) In any dictionary, we can happen similar accounts to the word â€Å" mature † . It is â€Å" one that is to the full developed or ripe. † ( Oxford English Dictionary ) But how can we specify that we are to the full developed? We begin our internal growing the twenty-four hours we come to the Earth. As clip goes by, our experience accumulates, but we still run into new challenges, new troubles and new escapades. We are ne'er experienced plenty to cover with all those fresh things we confront. So, what is existent mature? In my sentiment, to be mature is to act responsibly, to face challenges carefully, and to love people wholeheartedly. Adults are non kids any more. We can non merely state, â€Å" It ‘s non my concern † and escape like a coward when confronting dangers and troubles. There is no room to compromise, but merely to endeavor frontward. We have to cognize what is fear, what may ache us. We have to take into consideration of all the effects and acc ept the worst consequence. When we choose to take the undertaking, no affair how difficult it is, we will lodge to it until we have the right reply. And besides accept it no affair that reply is happy or non. That is what a mature adult male should make, with unagitated attitude and passion. Most of all, a existent mature individual understands the power of love. S/he cares about others, does things in their favour, and even by making that means to scarify him or herself. Whatever he does, he cares about feelings of people around him or his opposite number. Those are my definitions of a mature adult male, a none-perfect but a healthily developed individual. Comparisons to the mature group of people, a just sum of juvenile people in this universe feels that they non necessitate others ‘ love like McCandless. Possibly because they have been turned down when they are small, or possibly they have beenA deridedA with teasing comments. By distancing themselves from others, they are willing to experience the hurting of purdah instead than the hurting of farther, possible rejection. I am ever inquiring how do they shut the spread, either by seeking to detect their ain value, self-respect so that they can accept a new relationship or merely by leting the emptiness of despairing topographic points to protect them from farther hurt? ( Endnotes ) A Sadly, McCandless chooses the 2nd one, wastes his life. â€Å" He tried excessively difficult to do sense of the universe, to calculate out why people were bad to each other so frequently. † ( Krakauer, page18 ) He could hold done something more meaningful with his comfortable life alternati vely of making nil. But he ‘s hunted by an imbecile thought to populate off land in Alaska with every bit small resource as possible. It seems to me every bit amusing as Timothy Treadwell ‘s phantasy life with wild Grizzlies. ( Wikipedia ) There are still a batch of people like Chris today who pays a monetary value for their immatureness. One narrative published last hebdomad on Yahoo intelligence is about the decease of a follower to McCandeless. â€Å" Cavalrymans say 29-year-old Claire Jane Ackermann attempted to traverse the Teklanika River with a 27-year-old adult male from France on Saturday when they lost their terms and were pulled under by the current, and the adult male survived. † ( AP intelligence ) Not until the minute McCandeless realizes â€Å" Happy merely existent when shared † ( Krakauer, page 178 ) does he complete his ultimate transmutation to a responsible mature adult male. But his life shortly ends in tragic, which is a rough duty for him to take. What promising is we readers have seen him eventually grew up even merely before he dies. â€Å" He was ready, possibly, to cast a small of the armour he wore around his bosom, that upon returning to civilisation, he intended to go a member of the human community. † ( Krakauer, Page 179 ) He eventually understands the importance of the function love plays in the mature would. If there is an after-life, we are certain that Chris will understand the significance of adulthood and will be more mature.Sources: 1.Enote Editors. â€Å" Enote on Into the Wild. † Enote.com/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.enotes.com/into-wild. 2.SparkNotes Editors. â€Å" SparkNote on Into the Wild. † SparkNotes.com. SparkNotes LLC. 2002. Web. 1 Oct. 2010. 3.Yahoo News. â€Å" Swiss adult female drowns in Alaska river near site from the book † / hypertext transfer protocol: //www.journalpioneer.com/Canada — -World/Arts/2010-08-17/article-1679680/Swiss-woman-drowns-in-Alaska-river-near-site-from-book, -movie, -Into-the-Wild/1. 4.Wikipedia Editors. â€Å" Wikipedia on Into The Wild. † Wikipedia.com/ hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Into_the_Wild_ ( movie ) . 5.Wikipedia Editors. â€Å" Wikipedia on coming of age. † Wikipedia.com/ hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coming_of_age. degree Fahrenheit

Short Story Alive But Not Living - 1484 Words

Alive but Not Living All around the world, it is believed that men are superior to women. In some countries it is worse than others but nevertheless, almost every woman in the world has or will have to face gender discrimination at least once in her lifetime. In nineteenth-century China, since the day a girl was born, she was taught that she was useless. She was told that as a child, her job was to obey her natal family and as a married woman, it was to obey her husband in-laws. In a remote Hunan County, Lily is a girl who, her whole life, has longed to be loved. However, as a girl and later a woman it was considered wrong of her. At the age of seven, Lily is paired with a laotong or â€Å"old same†Ã¢â‚¬â€an eternal friendship that bonded two girls as kindred sisters who are even closer than a husband and wife. Her laotong, Snow Flower, introduces herself by sending Lily a silk fan where she has written a poem in nu shu, the unique and secret language created by Chinese women. As the years pass, Lily and Snow Flower send messages on the fan and compose stories, on handkerchiefs, to share their hopes, dreams and accomplishments. Snow Flower and the Secret Fan by Lisa See shows the pain, the hardships, and the pressure that girls and women, like Lily and Snow Flower, living in nineteenth century China had to go through because of their culture’s beliefs. In nineteenth century China, almost all girls had to go through the pain of footbinding—a custom in which the toes and arch of theShow MoreRelated The Short Stories of Gabriel Garcia Marquez Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesThe Short Stories of Gabriel Garcia Marquez Short story writer. Novelist. Journalist. Political activist. Nobel Prize winner. Most beloved of 20th century Latin American authors, Gabriel Garcia Marquez was born on March 6, 1928, in the small coastal town of Aracataca, Colombia. He published his first story, The Third Resignation, in 1947 and began studying law and journalism. 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Learning and Assessment in Practice - 3754 Words

Learning and Assessment in Practice The purpose of this assignment is to critically analyse and reflect upon the effectiveness of an innovation, developed for learning and assessment in practice. The 3 learning outcomes which I have focused on, as outlined in the module descriptor are (ii) critically reflect on the opportunities and limitations of practice as a dynamic learning environment in relation to the facilitation and evaluation of learning in practice, (iii) demonstrate the enabling of learners to integrate theory and practice, and (iv) critically evaluate a range of learning theories and teaching strategies to facilitate the integration of theory and practice. I will utilise Gibbs (1988) model of reflection, (as cited in Quinn†¦show more content†¦Prior to attending my mentorship course I had had a great deal of contact with students, involving both one-to-one teaching, supervising and supporting. However, on no occasion had I undertaken this as a formal process, nor as a co-mentor. I had also had no direct experience of learning outcomes and as a result felt some trepidation prior to the student arriving. I understood from the literature the importance of ensuring that the student was relaxed and made to feel welcome with the team, and that I needed to have a pre-existing knowledge of the learning outcomes that were to be achieved during the placement. In order to plan and facilitate the students learning it is important to have knowledge of their programme and the required learning outcomes in order to ensure effective learning (Quinn amp; Hughes, 2007). Additionally, mentors must have an understanding of a student’s preferred method of learning. Before working with a student my main consideration would be to use a teaching method that is suitable to them and their contribution to the learning experience, whilst at the same time addressing their specific needs. 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As teachers have become smarter about their field, they have made instructional and assessment changes that benefit students learning needs. The assessment practices we use in the classroom should be used to promote student learning (McTighe O’Connor, 2005). As educators it is important that the goals we have are used to support the learning in all students. Providing

The Analysis and Comparison of the Themes of Beowulf,...

An epic is best described by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary as a long narrative poem in elevated style recounting the deeds of a legendary or historical hero. Epics like Beowulf and The Odyssey are perfect examples of this definition; they are each centered on the deeds and triumphs of their heroes, Beowulf and Odysseus. All epics are similar in a way that they are made up of elements. One major element of the epic is its themes. In all epics, the themes are what make and mold these narrative poems, they descriptively outline the story. Most epics, like Beowulf and The Odyssey, have themes like battles, homecoming, identity, recognition etc. Through themes like these, morals, values and traditions relating to the main†¦show more content†¦Although, his wife Penelope did not know until he turns back to his original being. Also, recognition is gained when Telemachus doubts that Odysseus is his father. But, Odysseus eventually persuades Telemachus to accept him as his father. As stated before, in Homers epic, an identity cannot be claimed until recognition of that identity from others is claimed first. Like The Odyssey, Beowulf is also a legendary epic that includes the themes identity, homecoming, battles and recognition as its primary focus. In Beowulf, the themes homecoming and recognition are very closely related. When Beowulf returns to Geatland, he is greatly rewarded for his works. He reunites with King Hygelac and tells of his great adventures. Recognition is shown by Beowulf giving most of his treasure received to the King, and in return is awarded with treasure of his home from King Hygelac. Beowulf was praised and glorified for his homecoming(s) to Geatland and his return from his victories over Grendel and his mother. He wasrecognized as a true hero, an Anglo-Saxon hero to be exact. In Beowulf, Kingdoms acknowledged Beowulf by showering him with treasures, feasts and celebrations. Like God, to the Geats and Danes, he was worthy of all praises. He earned his recognition. Thats what the homecoming of a hero is all about, heroes being rewarded for their works and receiving the uttermostShow MoreRelatedAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 PagesHistorical Context: ï‚ · Civil War brings demand for a truer type of literature that does not idealize people or places Naturalism period of American Literature - 1880-1900 Naturalism is a sub-genre ofrealism Content: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · dominant themes: survival fate violence taboo nature is an indifferent force acting on humans brute within each individual is comprised of strong and warring emotions such as greed, power, and fight for survival in an amoral, indifferent world. Genre/Style:

Essay on the Design Argument for God Free-Sample for Students

Question: Write an Essay on the Design Argument for God. Answer: The Design Argument for God The design argument is illustrated for presenting the empirical arguments on the existence of God. The arguments attempt to recognize the different types of empirical features that deal with the constitutional evidence of intelligent design. These design arguments are also termed as technological arguments that include telos, the Greek word of purpose. According to Elliott (2017), the design argument includes the three major components. First is the premise that proves the existence of some of the empirical property. Second is the sub-argument that defines the persuasive nature of the empirical designs that involves the evidence and the intelligent purpose. The third one is the premise, which concludes probable explanation for the fact that is exhibited in the universe (Bailey and OBrien 2014). This specific research paper will discuss the evidence-based analysis presented by the famous philosophers. Incorporation of the philosophical view would make the research paper much informati ve. It is to be indicated that the design argument is one of the three major arguments about the existence of God. The other two arguments are the cosmological argument and the ontological argument. The design arguments, as presented by Elliot Sober, are classified into twp different types, such as cosmic and organismic (Glass and McCartney 2014). According to his explanation, the organismic designs are generally focusing on the observation of the adaptive features of the environment in which they exhibit the delicacy. On the other hand, cosmic design arguments include the observational features that are concerned with the entire cosmos, obeying the simple laws (De Cruz 2014). Sober defined that the cosmic design is stable and it permits the life to exist in a proper way. The dialogues presented by David Hume in concerning natural religion reflect the cosmological arguments. The appearance of condenses and Clarke in his argument is representing the concept-based explanation. He stated, Whatever exists must have a cause or reason of its existence; it being absolutely impossible for anything to produce itself, or to be the cause of its own existence. In mounting up, therefore, from effects to causes, we must either go on in tracing an infinite succession, without any ultimate cause at all, or must at last have recourse to some ultimate cause, that is necessarily existent ( Bailey and OBrien 2014). The argument depicts that there is impossible to rely on an infinite succession of the causes and effects by ignoring the ultimate cause. Hume also explained that the arguments are continued since this fails to provide any particular reason for the casual chain or an entire series (De Cruz 2014). By presenting a contradictory argument, Elliott Sober mentioned that the criticism of Hume would lose the bites if the arguments were not analogical (Nieminen et al. 2017). Apparently, the design is somewhat exquisite that can be compared to the scientific elaboration of Orgel, Evolution is cleverer than you are. The technological argument implies that if the design is implied as the designer, then it can be inferred that the universe is designed. The perspective of everydays life, it is noted that the history of earth is quite complex. The arguments presented regarding the existence of God, the creator. The intelligent design is created by determining the scientific theory. The differentiation between the intelligent design and the poor design ensures the appropriate arguments on the existence of the creator (Girotto, Pievani and Vallortigara 2014). The argument from the poor design is against the Gods existence. It presents the reasoning that God would not create the organisms by perceiving the suboptimal designs visualized in the nature. In the creationism, people are inclined towards several philosophical views. They have the strong believe in the existence of God. It is also believed that the world is made in period of six that contains twenty-four hour in a day. The argument presents in the intelligent design depicts that the world reflects the evidence of the scientific nature in which the God exists and He is the designer of the world (De Cruz 2014). The elaboration of David Hume depicts that the material universe is somewhat resembling the intelligent production in which the design exhibits. It has been specified that the designs related to the human artifacts are proportional to the designs created by the intelligent beings. Hence, it can be inferred that an intelligent creator has created the designs of the material universe. Darwins theory of evolution is against the belief of intelligent design. Many philosophers believe in Darwins evolution theory believes that many structure of the animals and plants sometimes bear the unmistakable signature of design, which is created by a supernatural intelligence (Patrides 2016). Cosmic design arguments include the observational features that are concerned with the entire cosmos, obeying the simple laws. On the other hand, the supporters of intelligent design argued that neither human nor animals could have involved in stepwise fashion if the supernatural intelligence does not exist. In fact, if any of the part is removed, it will cease the entire functionalities (Swinburne 2014). Therefore, the arguments present in the intelligent designs have opposed Darwins theory of evolution, which depicts that the humans, animals, and worldly beings are evolutionary changing with time. The arguments presented in support of Darwins theory exclaim that steps associated with the evolution process exist in the record of fossil. Even though there is the existence of complex structures, it gradually shapes the evolutionary image. Charles Darwins theory of evolution includes the evolution by natural selection, which discusses the origin of the complexity, adaptations, and diversity among the living creatures of earth. Apart from Charles Darwin, many critiques has even denied the existence of God and supported the theory of evolution of the living creatures in this world (De Cruz 2014). In presenting the counter argument, Sober defined that the cosmic design as the stable form of intelligent design by God, the creator. Cosmic design arguments are thus including the observational features that are concerned with the entire cosmos, obeying the simple laws. References Bailey, A. and OBrien, D., 2014. The Design Argument and Empirical Evidence of Gods Existence. InHume's Critique of Religion:'Sick Men's Dreams'(pp. 103-124). Springer Netherlands. De Cruz, H., 2014. The enduring appeal of natural theological arguments.Philosophy Compass,9(2), pp.145-153. Elliott, T.E., 2017. On the Logic of Evolution and the Vanity of Scientism.Acta Cogitata: A Philosophy Journal,2(1), p.5. Girotto, V., Pievani, T. and Vallortigara, G., 2014. Supernatural beliefs: Adaptations for social life or by-products of cognitive adaptations?.Behaviour,151(2-3), pp.385-402. Glass, D.H. and McCartney, M., 2014. Explaining and explaining away in science and religion.Theology and science,12(4), pp.338-361. Nieminen, P., Boudry, M., Ryks, E. and Mustonen, A.M., 2017. Biblical and theistic arguments against the evolutionary argument against naturalism.Zygon,52(1), pp.9-23. Patrides, C.A., 2016.The grand design of God: the literary form of the Christian view of history(Vol. 23). Swinburne, R., 2014. Argument From Design.Philosophy of Religion: An Anthology, p.207.

Quiz solutions Essay Example

Quiz solutions Paper Just declared hat it is increasing its annual dividend from $1. 00 per share to $1. 25 per share. Fifth stock price remains constant, then the dividend yield will increase. This is because the denominator in dividend yield remains unchanged, but the numerator increases. 6. A bond that makes no coupon payments and is initially priced at a deep discount is called a zero. Coupon bond. 7. A symmetric, bell. Shaped frequency distribution that is completely defined by its mean and standard deviation is the Normal distribution. 8. Which one of the following is a correct statement concerning risk premium? The greater the volatility of returns, the greater the risk premium. 9. Estimates using the arithmetic average will probably tend to overestimate values over the long-term while estimates using the geometric average will probably tend to underestimate values over the short- term, 10. The risk premium for an individual security is computed by multiplying the securitys beta by the market risk premium. CAMP = REF + Beta x (MR.) 11. Standard deviation measures total risk. 12. Which one of the following would indicate a portfolio is being effectively diversified? A decrease in the portfolio standard deviation 13. The intercept point of the security market line is the rate of return which corresponds to the risk free rate of return. (the y-intercept here, from the formula for the slope of a line) 14. The principal amount of a bond that is repaid at the end of the loan term is called the bonds face value (note the question asks for principal amount, not date) 15. Which one of the following statements is correct concerning the expected rate Of return on an individual stock given various States Of the economy? We will write a custom essay sample on Quiz solutions specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Quiz solutions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Quiz solutions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The expected return is a weighted average where the probabilities of he economic states are used as the weights. 6. The Capital Market Line is the pricing relationship between the optimal portfolio and the standard deviation of portfolio return. (extra credit question) Quantitative questions: 1 7, The Lo Sun Corporation offers a 6% bond with a current market price of $875. 05. The yield to maturity is 7. 34%. The face value is $1,000. Interest is paid semiannually, How many years is it until this bond matures? IV -875. 05 p MET 60/2 RATE or i/y 7. 34%/2 NIPPER or n ex. = 16 18 Six months ago, you purchased 100 shares Of stock in BBC co. T a price Of $43. 89 a share. BBC stock pays a quarterly dividend of $. 10 a share. Today, you sold all Of your shares for $45. 13 per share. What is the total amount Of your capital gains on this investment? The information about the dividends is not needed to solve for capital gains. 19. The common stock of Eddies Engines, Inc. Sells for $25. 71 a share. The stock is expected to pay SSL . 80 per share next month when the annual dividend is distributed. Eddies has established a pattern of increasing its dividends by 4% annually and expects to continue doing so. What is the market rate of return on this stock? This is a constant growth or Gordon growth model problem. 20, Fred Flintlock wants to earn a total of on his investments. He recently purchased shares of BBC stock at a price of $20 a share. The stock pays a $1 a year dividend. The price of BBC stock needs to if Fred is to achieve his rate of return. Total return dividend yield capital gains yield = 1/20 + cap gains yell = 5% + cap gains yield cap gains yield therefore price must increase by 21. The common stock of Grady Co. Had an 11. 25% rate of return last year. The dividend amount was 5. 0 a share which equated to a dividend yield Of I _5%. What was the rate of price appreciation on the stock? 11. 25% -9. 75% 22. Your firm offers a ID-year, zero coupon bond. The yield to maturity is 8. 8%. What is the current market price Of a $1,000 face value bond? IV 430. 24 RATE or i,y 10 *note: this bond used annual compounded as was given during the exam. 23. Angelicas made two announcements concerning its common stock today, First, the company announced that its next annual dividend has been set at $2. 16 a share. Secondly, the company announced that all future dividends will increase y 4% annually. What is the maximum amount you should pay to purchase a share of Angelicas stock if your goal is to earn a rate of return? 24 The bonds issued by Manson Son bear a 6% coupon, payable semiannually, The bond matures in 8 years and has a $1,000 face value. Currently, the bond sells at par. What is the yield to maturity? IV 65/2 3%xx = *Note: a bond selling at par value will have a yield to maturity equal to its coupon rate. 25. Eight months ago, you purchased 400 shares of Winston, Inc. Stock at a price of $54. 90 a share. The company pays quarterly dividends of $. 50 a share. Today, you sold all of your shares for $49. 30 a share. What is your total percentage return on this investment? In eight months, you would receive two dividends, for total dividends per share of $1. 00 26. Zoom, Inc. Stock has a beta of 1. 5. The risk-free rate of return is 3. 7% and the market rate of return is 9. 5%, What is the amount of the risk premium on Zoom stock? This is the Capital Asset Pricing Model. 3. 7% + 3. 7%) = 3. 7% + 8. 7%, therefore the risk premium on Zoom stock is 8. 7% 27 _ Chocolate and Rum, Inc. Offers a 7% coupon bond With semiannual payments and a yield to maturity of 7. %. The bonds mature in 9 years. What is the market price Of a 51,000 face value bond? IV 953. 28 75/2 7. 73%/2 28. The Reading Co. Has adopted a policy of increasing the annual dividend on its common stock at a constant rate of annually, The last dividend it paid was $0. 90 a share. What will the companys dividend be in six years? This is future value: 29. Cant Hold Me Back, Inc. Is preparing to pay its first dividends. It is going to pay $1. 00, $2. 50, and $S_CO a share over the next three years, respectively. After that, the company has stated that the annual dividend will be $1. 5 per share indefinitely What is this stock worth to you per share if you demand a 7% rate of return? This is the two stage model where each dividend is discounted separately until the dividend stabilizes in year 4. Period Dividend 1. 25 IV formula (1. 25/ 2. 1836 4. 0815 14. 5767 Total iv Note: the stock becomes a perpetuity in year 4 (terminal value as of the end of year 3) and the terminal value then must be discounted back too present value today. 30. Which of the following amounts is closest to the value of a bond that pays $55 semiannually and has an effective semiannual interest rate Of 5%?